Question 1

How do gray and sievert relate?

Accepted Answer

Sv = Gy × quality factor. For X-rays/gamma: 1 Gy = 1 Sv. For alpha particles: 1 Gy = 20 Sv.

Question 2

What is the quality factor?

Accepted Answer

Multiplier for biological damage. X-rays: 1, neutrons: 5-20, alpha: 20. Same dose, different damage.

Question 3

What's the difference between exposure and dose?

Accepted Answer

Exposure (roentgen) measures radiation in air. Absorbed dose (gray/rad) measures energy deposited. Equivalent dose (sievert/rem) accounts for biological effect.

Question 4

What are safe radiation levels?

Accepted Answer

Background radiation: ~3 mSv/year. Occupational limit: 50 mSv/year. Single dose effects start around 250 mSv. Always follow ALARA principle.

Gy to Sv Converter

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