Question 1

What is Gray code?

Accepted Answer

Binary where adjacent values differ by only 1 bit. Used in rotary encoders to prevent read errors.

Question 2

How do you convert binary to Gray code?

Accepted Answer

MSB stays same. Each subsequent bit = XOR of binary bit with bit to its left. 1011 → 1110.

Question 3

Why do computers use binary?

Accepted Answer

Electronic circuits have two states: on/off, high/low voltage. Binary (0 and 1) maps directly to these states, making digital logic simpler and more reliable.

Question 4

Why is hexadecimal used in programming?

Accepted Answer

Hex is compact: each digit represents 4 binary bits. A byte (8 bits) is exactly 2 hex digits (00-FF), making memory addresses and color codes readable.

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