Question 1

What is specific gravity?

Accepted Answer

The ratio of a substance's density to water's density. Dimensionless. SG of 2 means twice as dense as water.

Question 2

How do I convert specific gravity to density?

Accepted Answer

Multiply SG by 1000 kg/m³ (water's density). SG of 0.8 = 800 kg/m³.

Question 3

What's the relationship between density and specific gravity?

Accepted Answer

Specific gravity is density relative to water (1 g/cm³). So a material with SG of 2.5 is 2.5 times denser than water, or 2500 kg/m³.

Question 4

Why does temperature affect density?

Accepted Answer

Most materials expand when heated, decreasing density. Water is unusual - it's densest at 4°C. This is why ice floats.

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